As Tom’s introduction points out Chopin did not invent the romantic nocturne for solo piano. The honour of developing the nocturne goes to the Irishman John Field (1782-1837) who was a pupil of Clementi and Field was himself apparently a wonderful virtuoso as capable as Hummel and Liszt. Chopin was introduced by his teacher to the music of John Field whose Nocturnes inspired Chopin to compose for this genre. Chopin eventually heard Field play in Paris in 1832. Though Field was the 'inventor' of the Nocturne, it is Chopin who took the name and the general concept of a dreamy melody over a broken chord accompaniment, relying on liberal use of the sustain pedal and the offset of a contrasting middle section before a reprise of the opening material, and made it famous. Field’s concept of the nocturne was therefore adopted and developed by Chopin.
If you have not heard Field’s works and you enjoy Chopin’s music then it would be well in your interest to seek them out as they are really well worth a listen.
This CD would be a good and inexpensive introduction to Field’s piano music should anyone be interested....
It is beautiful music beautifully played and comes recommended.